Memorandum

Memorandum

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Memoform

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Business Communication

Business communication

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8B: Modal Verbs (MindMapping)

Make yourself understand !

Finding Topics & Understanding Main Ideas

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Finding Topics & Understanding Main Ideas

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7B (face2face): Nouns & Quantifiers

Sources:
www.learn4good.com
www.learn-english-online.org
www.englishclub.com

7A (face2face): Present Continuous for Future Arrangement

Present Continuous Tense

As you know Present Continuous Tense is used to describe ac action in progress as the moment of speaking or around the the time of speaking, this tense is also used for the action in the near future; the action that some one has arranged to do something in the future.

Some of you might have no idea whether it means the present or the future, so look at the samples to notice the sentence pattern in green and the phrases of time in orange.

Moreover, we also use "be going to" for the planned action in the future.

Sources:

Eastwood, J. (1999). Oxford Practice Grammar with Answers (2nd ed.) Oxford: Oxford.

Foley, M. & Hall, D. (2003). Longman Advanced Learners' Grammar. Essex: Pearson.

7A-7B (StraightForward): Present Perfect Continuous

When do we use this tense?

Present Perfect Continuous tense is used when we want to emphazie the duration of an action that has happened in the past and:

1) the action is still in progress w/ signal words of duration

2) the action has recenly finised w/o duration

3) the repeated action up to now

IMPORTANT !!!

"Have you been feeling alright?" ---> You feel that person seems sick or unhealthy

"Have you been smoking?" ---> You smell the smoke on that person.

NOTE: Using this tense in a question shows you can see, smell, hear or feel the results of that action. It is possible to insult someone by using this tense incorrectly.

*Present Perfect Continuous is productive when you learn some of sentences as fixed phrases, it helps make different sentence.

Signal words: for, since, all day, the whole week, how long?

Limited number of verbs using with Present Perfect Continuous: work, waiting, living, studying, doing, getting, taking (progress/ enquiries/ plans), thinking, trying, expecting.